What is the relationship between IP address and domain name?
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In the world of the Internet, domain names and IP addresses are two crucial concepts. Although they seem to be unrelated, there is a close connection between domain names and IP addresses in Internet communications, which is one of the cornerstones of the operation of the Internet. So do you know what the relationship is between IP addresses and domain names?
1. Corresponding relationship
Domain name resolution to IP address: Domain name is a network resource identifier that is convenient for people to remember and use, while IP address is the actual address for network devices to communicate in the network. When a user enters a domain name in an application such as a browser, the computer needs to resolve the domain name to the corresponding IP address through the domain name system (DNS) in order to find the corresponding server and establish a connection.
For example, when the domain name "www.baidu.com" is entered, the DNS server will query and return the IP address of the Baidu server, and then the computer will interact with the Baidu server based on this IP address. This is like a person knows the name (domain name) of a place, but to get there, it is necessary to find its detailed geographical coordinates (IP address) through the address query system (DNS).
2. Many-to-many relationship
1. One IP address corresponds to multiple domain names: In virtual host technology, multiple domain names can point to the same IP address. For example, a server (with one IP address) of an Internet service provider can provide services for multiple websites with different domain names. These websites are independent of each other in terms of function and content. Through the configuration of the server, the corresponding web page content is provided according to different domain name requests.
2. One domain name corresponds to multiple IP addresses: Some large, high-traffic websites use multiple servers with different IP addresses to improve the reliability and performance of services, and the domain name can correspond to these IP addresses at the same time through the DNS settings. Through load balancing technology, user access requests for domain names will be reasonably distributed to servers with different IP addresses to share the network load and improve the response speed.
3. Dynamic change and update relationship
In a network environment using dynamic IP allocation, such as a home network that obtains an IP address through the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), each time a device reconnects to the network, its IP address may change. At this time, the domain name system needs to update the mapping relationship between the domain name and the new IP address accordingly to ensure that the domain name can always correctly point to the target device.
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